Arthroscopic OCD Fixation

Surgery is recommended when:

• The OCD lesion is unstable or partially detached.
• Non-surgical treatments (rest, physiotherapy, activity modification) fail.
• The patient is young and active, with a repairable lesion.
• Symptoms such as pain, swelling, or knee locking persist.

1. Diagnosis and Assessment
   MRI and X-rays confirm the size, location, and stability of the OCD lesion.
2. Arthroscopic Access
   Small keyhole incisions allow insertion of a camera (arthroscope) and instruments into the knee.
3. Preparation of the Lesion Site
   The unstable cartilage/bone fragment is identified, and the defect bed is cleaned to promote healing.
4. Fixation of the OCD Fragment
   The loose fragment is repositioned and stabilized using bioabsorbable pins or screws, that hold it in place while healing occurs.
5. Final Check and Closure
   The surgeon ensures the fragment is stable, joint motion is smooth, and then closes the tiny incisions with sutures or strips.

Healing after arthroscopic OCD fixation requires a structured plan:

• Immobilization & Protection: A brace and crutches are used initially to limit stress on the repair.
• Gradual Weight-Bearing: Patients progress from partial to full weight-bearing as healing advances.
• Physiotherapy: Exercises restore motion, strengthen surrounding muscles, and improve stability.
• Return to Sports: Low-impact activities resume around 3–4 months, while full sports participation may take 6–9 months.

• Preserves the patient’s natural cartilage and bone.
• Minimally invasive, with smaller incisions and faster recovery.
• Restores knee stability and reduces pain.
• Lowers the risk of future arthritis compared to fragment removal.

Though generally safe, potential risks include incomplete healing, hardware irritation, infection, or recurrent instability if the lesion fails to unite. Success rates are highest when performed early and followed by strict rehabilitation.

Arthroscopic OCD fixation is an effective, minimally invasive way to treat unstable cartilage lesions in the knee. By preserving and stabilizing the natural joint surface, it relieves pain, restores function, and protects long-term knee health—without the need for open surgery.