Ankle and Small Joint Replacements

Ankle replacement, or total ankle arthroplasty, is performed when the joint surfaces between the tibia and talus are severely worn or damaged. Candidates often include patients with:

• End-stage ankle arthritis from osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis
• Post-traumatic arthritis after severe fractures or ligament injuries
• Chronic pain and swelling that limit walking or standing
• Stiffness that interferes with mobility and quality of life

Small joint replacements are most often performed in the fingers, toes, or midfoot. These procedures restore function in areas where arthritis or trauma has caused deformity or pain.

• Finger Joint Replacement (PIP or MCP joints): For patients with rheumatoid arthritis or advanced osteoarthritis
• Toe Joint Replacement (most commonly the big toe): For hallux rigidus or severe toe arthritis
• Midfoot Joint Replacement: For localized degenerative conditions that affect balance and mobility

Both ankle and small joint replacements involve removing diseased bone and cartilage and replacing them with prosthetic implants.

• Ankle Replacement: Artificial components made of metal and high-grade plastic are placed to mimic natural joint motion, while preserving surrounding ligaments and alignment.
• Small Joint Replacement: Silicone, pyrocarbon, or metal implants are used to restore stability and allow smoother movement in smaller joints.

Patients undergoing these procedures often experience:

• Relief from chronic joint pain
• Improved range of motion and flexibility
• Ability to return to daily activities such as walking, grasping, or writing
• Preservation of joint function compared to fusion procedures, which eliminate movement

As with all joint replacement surgeries, there are risks that patients should be aware of.

• Infection at the surgical site
• Loosening or wear of the implant over time
• Nerve or blood vessel damage during surgery
• Limited lifespan of implants, requiring revision in some cases

Rehabilitation is critical to achieving successful outcomes after ankle and small joint replacements.

• Ankle Replacement: Patients may use crutches for several weeks before gradually resuming weight-bearing. Physiotherapy focuses on improving range of motion and strength.
• Small Joint Replacement: Hand or foot therapy is introduced early to prevent stiffness and support healing. Light activities are resumed within weeks, while full recovery may take several months.

Ankle and small joint replacements provide a life-changing solution for patients with advanced arthritis or joint damage. By relieving pain, restoring mobility, and preserving natural movement, these procedures help individuals regain independence and improve their quality of life. Choosing an experienced orthopedic surgeon ensures safe treatment and long-term benefits tailored to each patient’s needs.