Bankart Repair

Bankart repair surgery is a procedure aimed at repairing a torn labrum in the shoulder joint, specifically to address the instability caused by a Bankart tear. This minimally invasive surgery is performed using specialized instruments, including a small camera, to view and repair the torn cartilage with precision. By reattaching the labrum to the bone, the procedure aims to restore stability to the shoulder, alleviate pain, and improve overall shoulder function.

The labrum plays a vital role in maintaining the stability of the shoulder joint. When the labrum is torn, the ball of the shoulder joint (humerus) can slip out of the socket, leading to instability. This can happen after a traumatic event like a shoulder dislocation or due to repetitive motions that cause wear and tear. If left untreated, this instability can lead to ongoing pain, weakness, and a higher risk of future dislocations.

The Bankart repair procedure is typically done under general anesthesia, ensuring the patient is comfortable and pain-free during the surgery. The procedure is performed through several small incisions around the shoulder joint, which reduces trauma to the surrounding tissues and speeds up recovery.

1. Inserting the Camera and Instruments: A small camera is inserted into the shoulder joint through one of the incisions, allowing the surgeon to get a clear view of the labrum and surrounding tissues. The surgeon will then insert specialized tools through the other incisions to access the torn labrum.
2. Reattaching the Labrum: Using the instruments, the surgeon will carefully reattach the torn labrum to the shoulder socket using sutures or anchors. The goal is to restore the labrum to its original position and re-establish the stability of the joint.
3. Closing the Incisions: Once the labrum is securely repaired, the surgeon will close the small incisions with sutures. The entire procedure typically takes about 1 to 2 hours.

Compared to traditional open surgery, Bankart repair performed with a minimally invasive arthroscopic technique offers several benefits:

• Smaller Incisions: The small incisions used in the procedure result in less disruption to surrounding tissues, which leads to less scarring.
• Less Pain: Patients often experience less postoperative pain due to the reduced invasiveness of the surgery.
• Faster Recovery: Since the procedure is less invasive, patients typically experience a quicker recovery time, with most able to return to normal activities within a few months.
• Outpatient Procedure: Bankart repair can often be performed on an outpatient basis, meaning the patient can go home the same day.

After the procedure, the shoulder will be immobilized in a sling to allow the labrum to heal properly. During the first few weeks, patients are advised to rest and avoid any activities that could stress the shoulder. Over time, physical therapy will be introduced to help restore the strength, flexibility, and range of motion of the shoulder joint.

Rehabilitation plays a crucial role in the recovery process. It typically begins with gentle exercises to improve flexibility and reduce stiffness, followed by more advanced strengthening exercises as the shoulder heals. The goal of physical therapy is to gradually restore full function to the shoulder, allowing patients to return to normal daily activities and sports without pain or instability.

Bankart repair surgery is an effective and minimally invasive solution for shoulder instability caused by a torn labrum. By repairing the tear and restoring stability to the joint, this procedure helps alleviate pain, improve function, and reduce the risk of future shoulder dislocations. With the advantage of smaller incisions, less pain, and a quicker recovery, Bankart repair offers an excellent option for individuals suffering from shoulder instability. Through proper rehabilitation, patients can expect to regain full strength and mobility in their shoulder, allowing them to return to their active lifestyles.